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High Grown highland arabica coffee beans Coffee Beans

Arabica coffee beans have distinct flavors. Contrary to their lower elevation counterpart, Robusta, which has more resistance to diseases and pests, Arabica is more susceptible.

The high-grown arabica variety is the one sought after by specialty roasters and high-end coffee shops. What makes this particular coffee special? Scientists have discovered the reason the reason is altitude.

High Altitudes

Coffee has a long history, spanning from Ethiopia to Yemen and the lower part of Africa. It is now a significant part of the world's production. While low-elevation beans can be sold commercially and comprise the instant coffee that is sold in supermarkets, true coffee lovers prefer specialty arabica grown high altitudes for an enticing flavor profile.

The mountainous regions of the world's top coffee producing countries - Central and South America, Southern Asia and some Pacific Islands, and mid to southern Africa -- provide the ideal growth conditions for the production of high-quality arabica beans. The high-elevation climate conditions are frost-free and provide a temperate climate with an average annual temperature ranging from 64 and 73 degrees Fahrenheit.

Cooler temperatures in the mountains slow the growth rate of the coffee plant, allowing it to mature slower. This allows the coffee beans to absorb a variety of flavors from their surrounding environment and impart them with distinctive characteristics. The extended maturation helps to stop the coffee bean borer, which is a small beetle, from infesting and eating the beans. It also helps keep out the coffee leaf miner, a flies, which hinders photosynthesis and can reduce productivity.

Combining these factors results in the best flavor profile and taste compared to coffees grown at lower elevations. Coffee grown higher up has a greater concentration of sweet flavors, such as citrus, fruit, and vanilla. It's also more rich and more smooth than coffee that is grown lower down. Roasters love this coffee due to its sweetness, fullness of flavor and consistency.

High-grown arabica is often called strictly high-grown (SHG) or strictly hard bean (SHB), meaning that the coffee is grown at a higher altitude than 4000 feet. The beans are typically grown on volcanic soil, and they are shade-grown, or organically grown. This enhances their already delicious flavors. Because these beans mature and grow slower than those grown at lower elevations, they tend to be heavier, resulting in a stronger coffee with a more pronounced and consistent flavor. This unique quality makes SHG or SHB arabica the coffee of choice for roasters looking to create an espresso that is outstanding.

Cool Climate

The tropical zone spanning the tropics of Cancer and Capricorn, known as the coffee belt, is the most prestigious of coffee growing regions. High-quality sustainable arabica coffee bean farm coffee beans are grown in these mountains where the cool climate and high altitudes provide the ideal conditions for the plant to flourish.

Arabica plants can withstand an array of climate conditions. However, their greatest growth occurs in subtropical regions with cool nights and warm daytime temperatures. This unique climate permits the plant to create complex flavors that reflect freedom. These flavors are what make coffee so special.

While the popularity of instant coffees with low elevation at your local grocery store is growing, coffee lovers and experts agree that these types tend to be bitter and less flavorful compared to specialty coffee beans that are grown at higher elevations. In fact, the majority of coffee consumed in the world is high-elevation coffee.

The best high grown arabica coffee beans are usually grown at altitudes ranging from 3,000 and 6,000 feet. The combination of high altitude, cool climate and fertile soil is what makes these beans so distinctively delicious.

Coffee farmers are constantly on the lookout to find the ideal soil conditions to cultivate high-quality arabica plants. The soil should be humus-rich and have a smooth texture that drains well. This type of soil is ideal for arabica cultivation, since it encourages healthy roots and helps to minimize the risk of developing plant diseases.

In addition to a soil that has the right humus content, coffee farms also prefer a cool climate with a distinct dry season. These conditions allow the plants to mature more slowly, which results in the production of a more dense and delicious bean.

Well-Drained soil

In contrast to the low-elevation species which are cultivated for mass production and lined the aisles of grocery stores, the high grown arabica beans are sought-after by aficionados for their complex and refined flavor. The coffee trees are shaded by tall canopy trees, and the volcanic soil is full of nutrients. This creates ideal conditions for the cultivation of these particular beans. The soil allows the roots to absorb what they need however, it also drains quickly to prevent stagnant puddles of water that limit the growth of the roots and oxygen intake.

Arabian coffee plants have a long taproot and thin fibrous roots that stretch outwards for 3 to 4 feet (0.9-1.2 meters). The flowers are small, white and fragrant and are known as cherries. These drupes are two-seeded and ready to ripen when they turn red or purple. The plant is self-fertile and requires no cross pollination to produce fruit.

The cooler climate at higher elevations slows down the development of the coffee plant and allows it to mature slower. This allows the beans to develop more intense flavors. This translates to a richer, more complex taste that is much more potent than the lower elevation coffees.

At these higher altitudes, the temperature is colder, and the atmosphere more humid. The cooler climate is perfect for the sensitive growth of the coffee plant, and helps to ward off the spread of pests and diseases that plague lower-elevation plants.

Due to the particular conditions of the soil and climate, high-altitude coffee farms are able produce much more beans than low-elevation farms. You can find these top beans in specialty cafes as well as in the finest coffee roasters.

When you plant your own arabica plant, be sure to be aware of the particular needs of this plant and select a mixture of soil that meets these needs. Avoid commercial mixes that may be too heavy in ingredients and do not allow the roots of your arabica plant to grow. Incorporate compost or other organic matter to improve the retention of water, without creating a concrete-like surface. Water your plant when the soil is dry to the touch, and avoid excessive or inadequate watering, which can lead to root rot.

Unique Flavors

The distinctive flavor profile makes arabica beans highly sought after. They are more sophisticated and nuanced in taste than other coffees. They have notes of flowers, fruit, caramel and chocolate. The care taken in cultivation and roasting results in a smoother, sweeter flavor. These beans also have less acidity and caffeine than other varieties and are therefore less bitter and easier to drink.

versatile arabica coffee beans beans are grown in mountainous regions of the world that are part the Coffee Belt. The Coffee Belt is a tropical band which extends 30 degrees north or south of the Equator. This is where the finest quality beans are grown. The coffee plants are planted in volcanic soils as well as other soils rich in nutrients which produce small fruit, also known as coffee cherries.

The cherries contain two seeds inside. When the seeds begin to mature they are separated from their outer layer of flesh and then roasted to create coffee. Arabica coffee beans are a premium single origin arabica coffee beans variety because they are generally more expensive than other varieties of bean and also possess a distinct flavor.

The altitudes at which arabica coffee beans variety beans are grown is one of the major factors that influence their taste and quality. The cool climate, fertile volcanic soils, and the cooler climate makes arabica beans taste much better than those grown lower in elevation. The higher elevations also have a positive impact on the maturation of the coffee beans. This is due to the cooler temperatures slow down the beans' growth cycle which allows them to mature and create a rich and satisfying taste.

Each region has its own unique flavor and distinctive characteristics. The arabica beans of Central America are known to possess a balanced blend with a light body. Those from Ethiopia and Kenya on the other hand, are known for their sweet-savory taste. Each region or country has a distinct soil type and this is the reason each coffee has its own distinct flavor. Certain soils can hold water well and give a rich, chocolaty taste, while others have a sandy texture which makes the coffee taste less sweet.